Decomposers at Work: Compost Investigation

5th Grade ScienceEcosystems6 pages

About this worksheet

A four-week decomposition investigation for 5th grade science. Students seal an apple slice, a dry dead leaf, a piece of bread, a paper towel scrap and a plastic spoon in bags of moist garden soil. First they predict whether each item will break down (yes, partly or no) and how it will look at Week 4. Then they log size, shape, texture and mold once a week. A word-bank conclusion frame and two written questions explain how decomposers return matter to the soil, and why the spoon did not change. The 6 pages align to NGSS 5-LS2-1, with expected observations in the key.

Page 1 of 6

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Curriculum objectives covered

5-LS2-1

โ€œDevelop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment.โ€

The conclusion frame asks students to explain how decomposers break down the apple, bread, leaf and paper towel and return nutrients to the soil for new plants.

What's inside this worksheet

Investigation Question and Materials

The question asks how decomposers in soil change different types of matter over four weeks. The materials are five resealable bags, garden soil, a spray bottle, a marker and the five test items.

Part 1: Predictions

A table where students mark Yes, Partly or No for each item and describe how it will look at Week 4.

Part 2: Weekly Observation Table

Five rows and four week columns for notes on size, shape, texture and mold growth.

Part 3: Conclusion & Analysis

A six-blank paragraph with a word bank (nutrients, organisms, plants, decomposers, plastic, soil), then written questions on decomposers and on plastic trash.

Answers

Expected observations for each item week by week, the frame answers in order, and sample written answers.

How teachers use it

Set up as a demo

Fill and seal all five bags in front of the class so every group starts the same way. Spray the soil until it is damp, not wet, and tell students the bags stay shut once mold appears.

Same day each week

Pick one day for observations. Five minutes is enough to fill one column of the Page 3 table.

Compare with the key

Real bags rarely match the expected observations exactly. If the bread is still whole at Week 4, ask what the decomposers might have needed more of, such as warmth or moisture.

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